Minimum Active Component Count Design of a PIλDμ Controller and Its Application in a Cardiac Pacemaker System

A generalized structure for implementing fractional-order controllers is introduced in this paper. This achieved thanks to the consideration of controller transfer function as a ratio integer and non-integer impedances. The order impedance implemented using RC networks, such Foster Cauer networks. main offered benefit, with regards corresponding convectional implementations, reduced active and, also, passive component count. To demonstrate versatility proposed concept, suitable cardiac pacemaker control system designed. evaluation performance performed through circuit simulation results, second-generation voltage conveyor element.